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استبطان الشيفرة
Code introspection
فحص الشيفرة هو القدرة على استكشاف الفئات (classes) والدوال (functions) والكلمات المفتاحية لمعرفة ما هي، وماذا تفعل، وماذا تعرف.
يوفر Python العديد من الدوال والأدوات لفحص الشيفرة.
help()
dir()
hasattr()
id()
type()
repr()
callable()
issubclass()
isinstance()
__doc__
__name__
غالبًا ما تكون الدالة الأكثر أهمية هي دالة المساعدة (help)، حيث يمكنك استخدامها لمعرفة ما تفعله الدوال الأخرى.
Exercise
اطبع قائمة بجميع خصائص كائن المركبة المعطى.
# Use the help function to see what each function does.
# Delete this when you are done.
help(dir)
help(hasattr)
help(id)
# Define the Vehicle class.
class Vehicle:
name = ""
kind = "car"
color = ""
value = 100.00
def description(self):
desc_str = "%s is a %s %s worth $%.2f." % (self.name, self.color, self.kind, self.value)
return desc_str
# Print a list of all attributes of the Vehicle class.
# Your code goes here
# Define the Vehicle class
class Vehicle:
name = ""
kind = "car"
color = ""
value = 100.00
def description(self):
desc_str = "%s is a %s %s worth $%.2f." % (self.name, self.color, self.kind, self.value)
return desc_str
# Print a list of all attributes of the Vehicle class.
print(dir(Vehicle))
test_output_contains("['__doc__', '__module__', 'color', 'description', 'kind', 'name', 'value']")
test_student_typed("print")
success_msg("Very nice!")
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